The pulse code digitization and companding on a signal Essay example --

come in The main aim of this project is to demonstrate the instant autograph digitization and companding on a aim and to observe the effects of try depths and companding on the augur to hindrance ratio (SQR).INTRODUCTIONPCM- In the pulse code modulation (PCM), the designate is a digitally represended analog signal in which the signal magnitude is sampled with uniform intervals. Each sample is quantized to the closest pass judgment of the digital signal. In the pulse code modulation, the signal is binary. The two possible states represented in PCM are logical system 1(high) and logic 0 (low). The main advantage of PCM signal is that it is derived from analog signal which is multiplexed with entropy from the computer and carried over a common high-speed channel.COMPANDING- The combination of contraction and expanding is known as companding. In companding, the data is compressed before it is sent and then expanded at the receiving end utilise the same non-linear scale. The kerfuffle and crosstalk levels at the receiver are reduced due to companding. It is utilise in wireless microphones for better dynamic range and also in digital and telephony systems for compressing of the input signal and expanding of the output signal. The at a lower place figure 1 shows the demonstration of PCM with and without companding. Figure1- PCM with and without companding Procedure to create PCM and companding on transcend sheetThe PCM and companding of a signal is done on a spreadsheet using excel. Firstly, a sine undulate is created by varying the time with maintain to the amplitude. The frequency of the signal is taken as 10 Hz. The quantisation litigate of the signal will be done. A quantized sine wave is then created. Now the number of levels cell (N) should be created. We take the value ... ...ude=0.1, large N=8. GRAPH I) speckle of SQR vs Amplitude with Companding (mu=255) and without Companding (mu=0). GRAPH J) Plot of SQR vs bit depth both with Compan ding (mu=255) and without Companding (mu=0). Where A=1, and bit depths are 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256. mop up This lab was carried out to compand and quantizes a voice signal. We In the Using the pulse modulation technique, the analog signal is converted into the digital signal. The process of quantization and companding of a signal is carried on the spreadsheets. To attain a clear signal to quantization noise ratio, the number of samples should be increased. By increasing the sampling depth, the quantization error can be minimized. By companding process, the quantization noise and distortion levels can be minimized. Companding improves response for low amplitude signals.